This ostensible fusion of statesmanship and opportunism seemed to work so long as the Spanish ruling party of the day — whether the centre-left Socialists (PSOE) or centre-right Popular party (PP) — needed nationalist votes for a parliamentary majority. We will mainly be in Spain to study the Basques, but to provide a comparative perspective for our study of the Basques we will first spend ten days studying the Catalan situation in Barcelona, the center of Catalan nationalism. ", Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, Cataluña roza los 7,6 millones de habitantes y es segunda CCAA que más crece, http://www.map-france.com/department-Pyrenees-Orientales/, "Did you know Algherese Catalan is vulnerable? “We have played our cards well,” says Esteban. Regional unrest led to conflicts such as the Revolt of the Germanies in Valencia and Majorca, and the 1640 revolt in Catalonia known as the Reapers' War. But talk to players in both regions and a picture does emerge. As for anthems, "The Reapers" (Els Segadors) is the official anthem of Catalonia and is also used in the other lands of the Principality; the Balanguera represents the people from the Balearic Islands and, in the case of Valencia, the official "Anthem of the Exhibition" (Himne de l'Exposició) alongside Muixeranga as symbols of the country. Basques want control at home, and to play their Madrid role well enough to ensure that. The PP, by contrast, sought to maximise its vote in the rest of Spain by being sharply antagonistic about Catalonia and the Basques. Among the religious celebrations, there are St. George's Day and the celebrations of Saint Vincent Martyr and Saint Anthony Abbot. Some festivals have a complicated relationship with religion, such as Carnival and the Dances of Death, or specific aspects of Christmas such as the Tió de Nadal or the caganer in Nativity scenes. We’re in a de-mining operation. When Spain’s dictator Generalissimo Francisco Franco died in 1975, Catalonia and the Basque Country had good reason to celebrate. We will use San Sebastián as a base for several excursions around the Basque country: to Gernika, subject of the famous painting by Picasso commemorating the city’s destruction by Nazi aerial bombardment; to the nearby French Basque country; to the historic town of Estella in Navarre, with its history of independence that dates back to the Middle Ages; to Bilbao, historically the center of shipbuilding, banking, and industry, and today home of the world famous Bilbao Guggenheim museum; and several typical Basque towns, where the Basque language remains dominant. [22], The vast majority of Catalans reside in the autonomous community of Catalonia, in the northeast part of Spain. Lock down your finances for the coming storms, Lack of overseas buyers hits London’s prime property market, Twelve Catalan leaders are awaiting sentence, Spain’s Socialist victors have an opportunity to resolve the Catalonia question. Catalans in Spain are officially recognised as a "nationality" and enjoy a high degree of political autonomy,[32] which has led to reinforcement of a Catalan identity. Director, CHID San Sebastian Study Abroad Program, San Sebastían Study Abroad Program Director, CHID 471A: Conflict of Identities: The Basques and Catalans in the Spanish State, CHID 471B: What is a Nation? Catalonia, meanwhile, is split down the middle. There are a number of linguistic varieties that are considered dialects of Catalan, among them, the dialect group with the most speakers, Central Catalan. Autumn 2020: Prague (plus Vienna, Krakow, Budapest, and Berlin), Czech Republic, Winter 2021: Rome, Budapest, Vienna, Italy, Hungary, Austria, Spring 2021: Prague (plus Vienna, Krakow, Budapest, and Berlin), Czech Republic, Autumn 2021: Prague (plus Vienna, Krakow, Budapest, and Berlin), Czech Republic, Winter 2022: Rome, Vienna, Budpest, Italy, Austria, Hungary. The rest is what we, the Basque institutions, give them.”. [37] Nowadays 52.4% of Catalans declare themselves Catholic, practising or not, 30.2% of Catalans are agnostic or atheist, and there is also a considerable share of other religions, often connected to recent immigration: 7.3% Muslim, 2.5% Evangelical, 1.3% Buddhism, and 1.2% Orthodox Christians. We are not up for leaps in the dark.”, We like guarantees and to keep what we have. This page was last edited on 4 September 2020, at 14:13. Spicy food is rare in the Catalan diet but there are quite garlicky sauces such as allioli or romesco. Laura Mintegi, a novelist and academic who was the radical nationalist Bildu party’s candidate for Basque president in 2012, says: “Is everybody happy? As a result, there tends to be much fluctuation depending on regional and national politics during a given election cycle. “This severe intoxication will take generations to fix.”. When I later moved to Madrid, I concluded that many in Spain’s elite knew less about the Basques than they did about the Apaches — to whom one corporate titan I sat next to one day actually compared them.
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